系统工程与电子技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (7): 1455-1463.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-506X.2020.07.04

• 电子技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于虚拟阵元内插的互质阵列目标DOD和DOA联合估计算法

占成宏1,2(), 胡国平1,*(), 周豪1(), 张子鑫1,2()   

  1. 1. 空军工程大学防空反导学院, 陕西 西安 710051
    2. 空军工程大学研究生院, 陕西 西安 710051
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-30 出版日期:2020-06-30 发布日期:2020-06-30
  • 通讯作者: 胡国平 E-mail:chenghong_zhan@163.com;hgp6068@163.com;17792611529@qq.com;403292363@qq.com
  • 作者简介:占成宏(1996-),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为稀疏阵列MIMO雷达目标多参数估计。E-mail:chenghong_zhan@163.com|周豪(1990-),男,讲师,博士,主要研究方向为低空目标探测技术。E-mail:17792611529@qq.com|张子鑫(1996-),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为基于压缩感知的低仰角目标测角技术。E-mail:403292363@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(61871395);国家自然科学基金(61601504)

Joint DOD and DOA estimation algorithm for coprime arrays based on virtual array element interpolation

Chenghong ZHAN1,2(), Guoping HU1,*(), Hao ZHOU1(), Zixin ZHANG1,2()   

  1. 1. Air and Missile Defense College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an 710051, China
    2. Graduate College, Air Force Engineering University, Xi'an 710051, China
  • Received:2019-12-30 Online:2020-06-30 Published:2020-06-30
  • Contact: Guoping HU E-mail:chenghong_zhan@163.com;hgp6068@163.com;17792611529@qq.com;403292363@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    国家自然科学基金(61871395);国家自然科学基金(61601504)

摘要:

传统算法通常采取舍弃互质阵列的“差联合”阵列形成离散虚拟阵元,只利用其中连续虚拟阵元进行离波方向角(direction of departure, DOD)和波达方向角(direction of arrival, DOA)联合估计,存在自由度提升受限、估计性能不佳等问题。对此,提出基于虚拟阵元内插的互质阵列目标DOD和DOA联合估计算法。首先,将两个互质子阵以零点为中心布列,分别构成双基地多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output, MIMO)雷达的发射阵列和接收阵列,该布阵结构将传统的虚拟阵元由阵列“差联合”结构形式变成“和联合”结构形式,降低了虚拟阵列的冗余度。其次,在形成的虚拟阵元基础上,通过在虚拟阵列孔洞位置内插虚拟阵元使其连续,对于内插的虚拟阵元无实际接收信号问题,基于最小化核范数优化理论,采用协方差矩阵Toeplitz化重建的方式恢复内插虚拟阵元的等价接收信号,利于所有虚拟阵元层面的角度联合估计。最后,针对因角度配对导致的高运算量问题,结合降维多重信号分类(reduced dimension multiple signal classification, RD-MUSIC)算法使角度自动配对,从而减小算法运算复杂度。有效提高了目标分辨力和角度联合估计性能,仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。

关键词: 互质阵列, 内插虚拟阵元, “和差联合”阵列, 角度联合估计

Abstract:

The traditional algorithms usually discard the difference coarray of the coprime array (CPA) to form the discrete virtual array element and only use the continuous virtual array element to estimate the direction of departure (DOD) and direction of arrival (DOA), which has the problems of limited freedom improvement, poor estimation performance, etc. A joint DOD and DOA estimation algorithm for a CPA based on interpolation virtual arrays is proposed to solve these problems. Firstly, the two interproton arrays are arranged around the zero point to form a transmitting array and a receiving array of a bistatic multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar respectively. This array structure changes the traditional virtual array element from the array difference coarray structure to the sum coarray structure, reducing the redundancy of the virtual array. Secondly, on the basis of the virtual array element formed, the virtual array element is inserted into the hole position of the virtual array to make it continuous. For the problem that there is no actual received signals of the interpolated virtual array, the equivalent received signal of the interpolated virtual matrix is recovered by the method of Toeplitz reconstruction of the covariance matrix based on the kernel norm minimization optimization theory, which is beneficial to the joint angle estimation of all virtual matrix elements. Finally, in order to solve the problem of high computational load caused by angle pairing, the reduced dimension multiple signal classification (RD-MUSIC) algorithm is used to automatically pair the angles, thereby reducing the computational complexity of the algorithm. The proposed algorithm effectively improves the target resolution and joint angle estimation performance. The simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the algorithm.

Key words: coprime array (CPA), interpolation virtual array, sum-difference coarray, joint angle estimation

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